@article{ author = {Faraji, Alirez}, title = {Faith, Death, And Meaning of Life in Thought of Kierkegaard and Sartre}, abstract ={In existentialism philosophy that is includes faithfulness and atheism, human argument has a special position. In other hand various viewpoints in God subject give special attractiveness to this philosophy. So regarding to faithful fundamental thinks of Kierkegaard and in its front point regarding to atheism methods of Sartre as two effective thinkers of in contemporary philosophical thinks, and in specific case, existentialism, in this paper it had tried that human authenticity and its relation to God existence, be study and analyzed. So, regarding to places of both philosophers about God, authentically factors in human had been studied and relations between human kinds and distinct them from each other, or in other words social and individual places of human also been studied and were answered in forms of different questions. For example, Kierkegaard introduce true faithful to God as the key of human authenticity, in which the human individuality is in before the God. And to Sartre, the bad faith and trooping in existence in being in it, instead of human authenticity to being for itself is authenticity factor to human, and for him, God faithful can had an effective rule in human authenticity.        }, Keywords = {Kierkegaard, Sartre, Faith, Atheism, Death, meaning of life}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {7-32}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.7}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mirbagheri, Mohammad and Lavaei, Shaker}, title = {The necessity of the resurrection of beings and the detailed study of the resurrection of animals from the point of view of transcendent wisdom}, abstract ={Every possible existence in the system of divine creation requires two things: one is the agent to be created and the other is the goal and end to move towards it. Basically, the requirement of a causal system is nothing but this. Moving towards the end and goal, regardless of the type of beings, is an inherent feature of every possible existence. Based on the refusal of sequence in the circle of causes, this end eventually leads to an end that itself no longer has an end, and that end is the ends and the same obligatory existence. Animals are no exception to this rule because of their potential. According to the verses of the Qurchr('39')an and the hadiths of the Infallibles, this matter has been expressed in various ways. This return to the final end, which is interpreted as "resurrection", is divided into two species in the case of animals according to their nature. Either we encounter animals in the world that have imagination and memory, that their resurrection takes place independently, or animals that are only in the level of sense and do not rise above it, that they do not have an independent insect, and that they return only to their Lord of sorts. is. Thus, the common denominator of all animals is the resurrection to the final destination and their distinction in the independence or non-independence of their insects according to their existence.}, Keywords = {Possible existence, objective, Resurrection, Animals, imagination, retention,, feeling, nature, godhead}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {33-56}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.33}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-97-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-97-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Neo-Sadrian Versions of The Truthful Argument and Their Innovation}, abstract ={Dear Chief Editor, I translated the title and added this line as a test. by A.Y.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {57-82}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.57}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {asadinia, saham}, title = {Happiness and Its Relationship with Religion in the Thought of Ibn Sina and Feydh Kashani}, abstract ={In the present essay, using an analytic-comparative method and focusing on the ideas of Avicenna and Feydh Kashani, we seek to show that in Islamic approach both from philosophical and theological perspectives, happiness has a close relationship with the problem of religiosity. However, Avicenna and Feydh have adopted different modes of expression for dealing with the latter problem. Upon reflection on the words of Avicenna that include the philosophical and rationally grounded method and its point of strength is taking advantage of the independent reason, we see that the rationality itself is understood in terms of divine connection while Feydh insists on the problem of faith and divine guidance. Nevertheless, these two thinkers despite their different intellectual orientations have reached common conclusions of the otherworldly end of man. Accordingly, Avicenna by his philosophical approach and Feydh by his theological method, have shown that happiness is the highest end that man can struggle after it. Thus, both thinkers show that there is a close relationship between practical reason and moral life of people; although in explanation of happiness, Avicenna introduces understanding of intelligible truths as the foundation and axis of one’s understanding of happiness, existential perfections and more importantly, happiness in general, have their origin in Absolute Perfection}, Keywords = {Happiness, Religion, Reason, Virtues, Avicenna, Feydh Kashani.}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {83-108}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.83}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-102-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-102-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Fatemeh and Falahiasl, Hossein and Asgari, Masu}, title = {A Critique of Schopenhover\'s View on Authority}, abstract ={Schopenhauer believes In his metaphsics that everything in the world as determined by the will,under the principle of sufficient reason and the time and the place, and necessarily become objective. Naturally, the human will as the moral foundation should follow the principle of sufficient reason and objectivity will necessarily, In this case, the fundamental moral Schopenhauer is excluded because the ethics need to freedom and stay out of the realm of  the principle of sufficient reason. He goes to side separation nomen and phenomen that resolve this obstacle with establish term Liberum arbitrium indiffentiae and attribute liberty to nomen; while human will as the base of morality located in realm phenomen and under the principle of sufficient reason and the time and the place. Therefore followes of necessity and is not free. Other subject is that Schopenhauer believes that human will is freedom capacity being and substance not capacity act; while liberum arbitrium prove in morality realm through freedom in acts. Therefore Schopenhauer problem doesn't solve with mere accept freedom capacity being and substance.  }, Keywords = {Schopenhauer, Morality, Will, Principle of sufficient reason, Liberum arbitrium, Necessity}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {109-134}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.109}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Aqamohamadreza, Maryam}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {135-160}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.135}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {najba, nafiseh}, title = {}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {161-178}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.161}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {jahromi, raayat and mohammapur, marzieh}, title = {Kant\'s Conception of Religion and Ethics with Reference to "Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone"}, abstract ={Immanuel Kant, with the religious grounds of piety in the book of religion within the limits of reason alone, describes his desired religion in terms of the nature and mechanism of action and the duality of human nature in terms of goodness and evil that, after a struggle between the two principles of good and evil, ultimately leads to the overcoming of good and the establishment of the rule of God on earth. It can be said that his religious system is to improve human beings and to supplement his moral system. Eventually, the floodwaters of good will must be joined together and form the common moral community. It can be said that his religious system is for the purpose of reforming mankind and complements his moral system. Eventually, the floodwaters of good will should be joined together and form a common moral community, because salvation for Kant is an extremely influential process, and ultimately, Divine grace ensures this community. In this regard, he uses ethics, Christianity, the Church, and the Bible as a prototype and a tool for a pure moral religion. However, we face a kind of religious reduction, but surely he seeks to find the appropriate answer for todaychr('39')s human needs. Kantchr('39')s thought can be seen as an example of human self- Autonomy that has been able to interpret the truth and realities of Important, such as religion, with the focus on man being.}, Keywords = {religion, ethics, Good, Evil, Ethical religion}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {179-204}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.179}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-103-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-103-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ghasemi, Azam and Younesi, Ary}, title = {Free will and Creation of actions from Fakhr Razi’s viewpoint}, abstract ={Free will issue has been discussed in Islamic Theology (Kalām) as “the creation of action”, a controversy which divides Islamic theological schools. Fakhr Razi as an Ash’arite Theologian put it under scrutinize in some of his own theological works. Although he is an Ash’arite theologian, but denied “acquisition (Kasb) theory” based on the principle of excluded middle. He, then, to prove that creatures cannot create actions, i.e., God creates actions for human beings, advanced a few arguments. In this paper his arguments will be discussed and studied to assess their authenticity. He held that if creatures were the creators of their own acts, they would know the details of action, e.g., if I wanted to go from A to B, I would know how many meters I have to pass to reach B. But this implication, which Razi took it for granted is not true; because I can go from A to B without knowing how many meters I have to pass. Thus the argument could be refuted. In another argument, he put the idea forward that when there is a “motivation”, the agent cannot avoid that motivation; thus s/he will do what the motivation provokes. Therefore, there is not such a thing as free will. It will be concluded that Razi holds a kind of determinism based on what express so far.}, Keywords = {Fakhr Razi, creation of human actions, details of the action, motivation}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {205-228}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.205}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-96-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-96-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Hedayatafza, Mahmu}, title = {Conceptual analysis of the title of the nomashshaei Wisdom and its application to Rajabali Tabrizi}, abstract ={The lack of a history of the philosophy of Muslim thinkers has led philosophers to neglect some schools of thought and various views, especially the later thinkers of Mirdamad, who have either been completely neglected or misrepresented. In the meantime, several intellectual systems were established in opposition to the teachings of Mulla Sadra, the first of which was the Rajabali School of Tabriz. He had a special mastery of Mashachr('39')i thought, especially the Sinai books. In accordance with the new issues that had been crystallized in his time, he tried to promote the literature of Mashachr('39')i philosophy by reinterpreting some of the basics of Mashachr('39')i thought and re-reading some terms. . However, Tabrizi, in order to present the contents, presented a rational argument for each claim and adhered to the peripatetic method; However, as a researcher, he did not limit himself in any way to the sources of the peripatetics and took ideas from the sources of other thinkers, especially the religious teachings; Therefore, as Henry Carbone pointed out to us, the content of Tabrizi teachings is called "wisdom" because it was formed in the context of Imami culture and was effective in collecting data, raising questions and even the perspective of answers, influenced by religious texts. In general, in terms of the two positions of collection and presentation, it is worthwhile to call the thoughtful school of Tabriz "the wisdom of nomashshaei."}, Keywords = {Mulla Sadra's Critics, Mashaei's Method, Henry Carbone, The Distinction of Research from Presentation}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {229-256}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.229}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-95-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-95-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {akhavannabavi, qasem}, title = {Virtue and the function of religion}, abstract ={The issue addressed in this article is the study of the explanation of the function of religion on the basis of virtue. Explain that one of the issues facing theologians; That is, despite the opposition to religion, why do people tend to religion, and what is the role and function of religion for human beings?  Various approaches have been proposed to explain this issue, one of which has been reconsidered is the virtuous approach. This approach has been applied in fields of study such as philosophy of science, epistemology, ethics and philosophy of religion, and some experts in these fields, based on virtuosity, have examined the issues raised in these fields of study accordingly. According to this approach, virtues are divided into two types: one is rational virtues, and the other is normative and moral virtues. Considering that these virtues are also mentioned in religious teachings. It seems that based on this approach, the function of religion can be explained based on "inference through the best explanation", so in this article, after a brief statement of this approach, the issue of the function of religion is examined and explained on this basis. To be placed.}, Keywords = {Virtue, Rational Virtues, Moral Virtues, The Functioning of Religion, Teleology}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {257-280}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.257}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-98-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-98-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shakurinezhad, Ehs}, title = {Religious Life from the Point of View of the Vatican Council}, abstract ={The Vatican Council Statement II seems to be the Catholic Churchchr('39')s most important encounter with post-Renaissance Enlightenment issues. Before that, a true believer was someone who devoted himself exclusively to serving Christ in the church, and a Christian outside the church was considered a second-class citizen. But after this statement, the communities outside the church were accepted by the church, and according to this decree, the Christians of these communities could also dedicate themselves to the service of Christ. Now, reading the article raises the issue in the minds of the audience that the Catholic Church has been in a weak position in the face of the achievements of the modernity, or since the beginning of the history of Christianity has misunderstood the principles of genuine Christianity, or ignored it have been. According to the translator, any accurate answer to this fundamental question can be a guide to the correct and worthy confrontation.}, Keywords = {Christianity, Religious Life, Vatican II.}, volume = {1}, Number = {2}, pages = {281-307}, publisher = {Kharazmi University}, doi = {10.52547/mi.1.2.281}, url = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-104-en.html}, eprint = {http://mi.khu.ac.ir/article-1-104-en.pdf}, journal = {Metaphysical Investigations}, issn = {2783-2198}, eissn = {2783-2198}, year = {2020} }