fa تحلیل و بررسی خداشناسی سهروردی در بوته نقدهای صدرایی فلسفی Philosophy مقاله پژوهشی Original Article موضوع فلسفه مطلق وجود است که سایر مراتب، از حق تعالی تا آخرین مراتب وجود را دربر می گیرد. مرکز هستی و سرسلسله موجودات که غالباً از او به واجب‌الوجود تعبیر می‌کنند، در فلسفه اشراق با عنوان &laquo;نورالأنوار&raquo; شناخته می‌شود. سهروردی در نظام اشراقی خویش پس از اثبات نورالأنوار و وحدت او، به نفی صفات زائده از آن ساحت می‌پردازد. درباره علم و فعل او نیز، دیدگاه بدیعی ارائه داده است. ملاصدرا&nbsp; با اینکه برهان صدیقین خود بر اثبات واجب تعالی را با برهان سهروردی قریب مأخذ می داند، لکن با توجه به اعتباری بودن وجود در فلسفه سهروردی، شبهه ابن کمونه را بر طریقه او در اثبات واجب، وارد دانسته است. در مورد علم و سایر صفات خدا نیز، یا گفتار سهروردی را نقد کرده و یا در پاره ای جزئیات، آرای متفاوتی با او اتخاذ کرده است. در نوشتار حاضر ضمن بیان دیدگاه‌های سهروردی در این‌باره، به اختلافات و انتقادات ملاصدرا بر او پرداخته شده است.<br> &nbsp; <p><span style="font-size:12px;">The subject of philosophy is absolute existence,<span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="2" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$34" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;">,</span></span><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="2" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$34" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="background-color: transparent; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"> which encompasses other levels, from the Supreme Being to the last levels of existence<span style="font-family:Tahoma;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span class="VIiyi" jsaction="mouseup:BR6jm" jsname="jqKxS" lang="en" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="3" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$35" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="cursor: pointer;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;">The center of existence and the series of beings, which is often interpreted as obligatory, is known in the philosophy of illumination as the &quot;Noor al_Anwar<span style="background-color:#ffffff;">&quot;.</span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline !important; float: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); direction: ltr; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> </span></span></span><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="0" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$81" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">Suhrawardi in his enlightenment system, after proving &quot;Noor al-Anwar&quot; and his unity, negates the superfluous attributes of that field.</span></span></span><span style="display: inline !important; float: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> </span></span><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="1" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$82" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">He has also offered a novel view of his science and action.</span></span></span><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="0" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$131" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); cursor: pointer; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">Although Mulla Sadra considers his &laquo;Gotham&nbsp;sediqin&raquo; on the obligatory proof to be close to Suhrawardi&#39;s argument, but considering the validity of existence in Suhrawardi&#39;s philosophy, he has considered Ibn Kamuna&#39;s doubt on his method of obligatory proof.</span></span></span><span class="VIiyi" jsaction="mouseup:BR6jm" jsname="jqKxS" lang="en" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); display: inline; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="1" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$132" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="cursor: pointer;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">Regarding science and other attributes of God, he has either criticized Suhrawardi&#39;s speech or has adopted different opinions with him in some details.</span></span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> </span><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="fa" data-phrase-index="2" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$133" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="cursor: pointer;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="cursor: pointer;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">In the present article, while expressing Suhrawardi&#39;s views on this subject, Mulla Sadra&#39;s differences and criticisms against him have been discussed.</span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline !important; float: none; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); direction: ltr; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 28px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> </span></span></span></p> شیخ اشراق, ملاصدرا, اثبات واجب الوجود, علم خدا, نفی صفات Sheikh Ishraq, Mulla Sadra, Proof of Obligation, Knowledge of God, Denial of Attributes 7 34 http://mi.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-38-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Zohre Zarei زهره زارعی Zareizari75@yahoo.com 1003194753284600744 1003194753284600744 Yes Kharazmi University دانشگاه خوارزمی