Metaphysical Investigations

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The basis of all principles and sub-principles of religious teachings is the principle of monotheism. Numerous opinions have been expressed about the truth of monotheism. The present study with an analytical-comparative approach seeks to achieve a correct understanding of the issue of monotheism in all its levels. Therefore, firstly and in essence, the analysis of intrinsic monotheism in Islamic philosophy, including Mashaei and Sadraei, and theoretical mysticism and their comparison with each other, and secondly and consequently, the unity of attributes and actions has been explained. One of the results of this research is that reality and truth are one thing and the difference between philosophy and mysticism is in understanding the reality of existence. In Islamic philosophy, both Mashaei and Sadraei, consider the attribution of existence to God other than God and believe in the obligatory monotheism at the top. It is a series of causes and existence and that God, at the same time, has all the existential perfections in a supreme and atomic way. But mystics believe in the monotheism of existence and that the real being is one thing and that is the essence of the blessed and transcendent right and the attribution of existence to other objects is allowed and what philosophers call monotheism is a determination of the definition of that truth which is the subject of theoretical mysticism. And all things are the manifestations of the names and attributes of truth, and their activity is in fact the mirror of the activity of God Almighty.

Keywords: Intrinsic Monotheism, Attribute Monotheism, Verbal Monotheism, Islamic Philosophy, Theoretical Mysticism.

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