مرلوپونتی و سیاست‌فهم

In this thesis, the researcher examines Merleau-Ponty's positions on politics and society and the role of the body in human freedom in society and seeks to answer the question of what attribute Merleau-Ponty is forced to use in order to achieve the freedom of consciences? How can Merleau-Ponty ignore the inherent dualities of society in order to explain the politics of perception? For this purpose, all the necessary conditions for conscience to be able to reach consciousness in political existence have been examined in a descriptive/analytical manner. The hypothesis of this research is that human freedom in choosing and not choosing is one path, not several paths. As a result, Merleau-Ponty urgently needs symbolic functions and representation in explaining bodily consciousness in society; while in the phenomenology of perception, he categorically denied these two functions; the politics of understanding is similar to the phenomenology of perception, with the difference that society is actively present instead of nature and, of course, the proletariat is present instead of the philosopher/painter. Merleau-Ponty is not so much motivated by the elimination of the inherent duality in political understanding as by the attempt to unravel the traditional duality in phenomenology. In political understanding we are not faced with consciousness, but with the understanding that must be imbued with violence in order to achieve freedom.